New study identifies 20 spots for tackling nitrogen pollution
A new study from the University of Vermont has identified 20 nitrogen pollution hotspots in the US. While these areas represent only 24% of the country’s cropland, they are responsible for “63% of the total surplus nitrogen balance.” But the researchers also identify “hotspots of opportunity,” areas where farmers can improve fertilizer and manure management by implementing better conservation practices and more precise fertilizer application using sensors. Better management in these areas could help reduce nitrogen pollution without sacrificing crop yields.
Top hotspots are primarily located in midwestern states, but also include some areas in the south as well as the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland and California’s Central Valley.
Farms across many midwestern hotspots are uniformly growing soy and corn for animal feed to ship outside of the region. As a result, the farms in these areas have limited access to local manure. One solution might be to encourage some farms to switch to integrated livestock and cropping systems to address this disparity.